Tips for picking Stocks from the TSX index

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Financial, safety, and survival factors are important to consider when looking for stocks on the TSX

TSInetwork.ca

The TSX is the abbreviated name for the Toronto Stock Exchange. You will often see our stock recommendations on TSINetwork accompanied by a TSX index symbol. When we’re looking for the best investments to recommend in 2025 (ones you might consider as buy and hold), we start, as we traditionally do, by putting all the important information we know about a company into perspective. This is the case for making investments from the TSX index.

What is the TSX index?

The TSX is the largest stock exchange in Canada and the third largest in North America, representing approximately 95% of the Canadian equity market with roughly 3,417 listed issuers across various sectors of the Canadian economy.

Of note is that the Toronto Stock Exchange has more oil and gas companies listed on it than any other stock exchange in the world. That’s also reflected in the S&P/TSX Composite Index, commonly called the TSX index. The Toronto Exchange started on October 25, 1861. The TMX Group operates a number of stock and commodity exchanges, including the TSX.

Like most other major stock exchanges, the TSX index is highly regulated. The Toronto Stock Exchange lists common shares of companies, but also index securities like ETFs.

What are the different sectors of the TSX index?

The main sectors of the TSX (Toronto Stock Exchange) index include:

  • Financial Services – banks, insurance companies, and investment firms
  • Energy – oil, gas, and renewable energy companies
  • Materials – mining, forestry, and chemical companies
  • Industrials – manufacturing, transportation, and construction
  • Information Technology – software and hardware companies
  • Utilities – electricity, water, and gas providers
  • Consumer Discretionary – retail, entertainment, and automotive companies
  • Consumer Staples – food, beverage, and household products
  • Communication Services – telecommunications and media companies
  • Healthcare – pharmaceutical companies, healthcare providers
  • Real Estate – property management and development companies

How does the TSX index compare to the S&P 500?

While the S&P 500 has historically outperformed the TSX due to its heavy technology weighting, the Canadian index could reverse this trend in 2025 due to more attractive valuations, higher dividend yields, and potentially investors moving away from tech stocks.

Factors for finding the best stocks to invest in on the TSX index 

a) Financial factors:

Start your search for “buy and hold stocks” by looking for companies that have a 5- to 10-year history of profits. Companies that make money regularly are safer than chronic or even occasional money losers. You’ll also want to look mostly for companies that have been paying dividends for at least 5 years. Ten years is even better. Companies can fake earnings, but dividends are cash outlays. If you only buy dividend-paying value stock picks, you’ll avoid most frauds. The last financial measure we like to see in a company is manageable debt. When bad times hit, debt-heavy companies often go broke first.

b) Safety factors:

At TSINetwork we continue to look for companies that have industry prominence if not dominance when we consider stock to buy and hold (and watch carefully). That’s the same in 2025 as it was in 2005. Major companies can influence legislation, industry trends and other business factors to suit themselves. Smaller firms, on the other hand, don’t have that ability.

The next safety factor we look at is geographical diversification. We tend to buy and hold strong companies that operate Canada-wide, but we think multinational corporations are even better. There’s extra risk in firms confined to one small geographical area. The last safety factor we consider is that the best stocks must be free of excess regulation, free of dependence on a single customer, and free from self-dealing insiders or parent companies.

c) Survival/growth factors:

We feel that the best stocks to buy and hold are the ones that are free from business cycles. Demand periodically dries up in “cyclical” businesses, such as resources and manufacturing. You can hold some of these stocks in your portfolio, but keep them to a reasonable part of a well-balanced portfolio.

We are also particularly keen on companies that have ownership of strong brand names and an impeccable reputation. Customers keep coming back to these businesses, and will in turn try their new products.

Factors we look at when picking stocks from the TSX index   

  • We insist on political stability. For example, mineral exploration is risky enough without the threat of expropriation or onerous taxes.
  • We look for well-financed stocks with no immediate need to sell shares at low prices, since that would dilute the interests of existing investors.
  • We like to see a strong balance sheet with low debt. For junior stocks, we like to see a major partner who can finance a mine, software and so on to production.
  • We want to see experienced management with proven ability to develop and finance a new business.
  • We avoid stocks trading over-the-counter where regulatory reporting and so on is lax.
  • We avoid stocks trading at unsustainably high prices due to broker hype or investor mania.
  • We compare the market cap of the stock with the estimated value of its reserves, future product sales and so on.

Our stock research is always focused on investment quality

Even if a stock looks like it might thrive, we may still refrain from recommending it for a number of reasons. Our stock research may lead us to conclude that it presents too much risk of heavy losses if it fails to thrive. Or we may feel that stocks we already recommend offer better alternatives for investors seeking quality stocks to buy and hold. Or we may simply prefer to hold off on a promising stock because we feel it has limited near-term potential. This can happen because it has been overhyped in the broker/media limelight, for instance.

In many cases, we watch the progress of these stocks-we-like-a-little. We may recommend buying them months or even years later, but only after seeing favourable developments and signs of progress.

How have your TSX-listed stocks performed compared to your U.S. investments?

 

Pat McKeough has been one of Canada’s most respected investment advisors for over three decades. He is the founder and senior editor of TSI Network and the founder of Successful Investor Wealth Management. He is also the author of several acclaimed investment books. This post was originally published in 2014 and is updated regularly, mostly recently on Oct. 23, 2025.  It is republished on Findependence Hub with permission.

Make the most of House Sitting

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By Billy and Akaisha Kaderli, RetireEarlyLifestyle.com

Special to Financial Independence Hub

Interview with Lori and Randy Grant, Professional House Sitters  

Many people would like to know more about house sitting — the ins and outs, what to expect, how to get started, and if it’s really feasible to do house sitting as a lifestyle.

Lori and Randy Grant, professional house sitters, were more than generous with their time in answering our questions, and in providing photos and a couple of house sitting stories at the end of this interview.

If you would like to try house sitting, take advantage of what Randy and Lori know.

Enjoy our interview!

Randy and Lori enjoying a side trip to Santorini, Greece between house sits

Retire Early Lifestyle: Could you tell us a little bit about yourselves and why you decided to do some house sitting in your retirement?

Lori and Randy Grant: Randy and I are former teachers whose careers took us overseas to Japan for sixteen years, where we taught U.S. military dependents at the high school level. After our son, Chase, left Japan to go to college in Florida, we started thinking about making our own exit. At first, it was just daydreaming about being location independent, financially independent, and doing whatever brings us joy every day. Finally, we took the big leap, started selling everything we owned, and accepted an early retirement incentive package from our teaching careers in 2014. It was a slightly terrifying, but mostly exhilarating experience to jettison ourselves to complete freedom.

Our first year in early retirement was spent exploring Thailand’s culture and language. We really took that time to settle into our new lifestyle, and there were a few ups and downs for me. I lost my daily structure that teaching brought me, so I struggled to find a new routine to my days. That’s where house and pet sitting became a good fit for us. We started out by just being asked to watch family and friends’ houses and pets while they went away on vacation. Soon, we found that the word-of-mouth about us was filling our calendar with sits all over the place! We eventually joined an online house and pet sitting site and put a profile online advertising our services, which are free, to a worldwide database of homeowners looking for the perfect sitters.

Retire Early Lifestyle: How long have you and Randy have been house sitting as a way to enhance your retirement and travel?

Lori and Randy Grant: We have been doing this off and on for approximately five years.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Could you tell our readers how you work this to your benefit? Lori and Randy Grant:

Since lodging is one of the biggest expenses as we travel, this is a great way to cut that major cost. House and pet sitting is a free service. We trade out for free rent and utilities in the home where we stay. Another added benefit is that since we are in an area longer than just a few days, we get to explore the area more in depth. We actually feel like part of a neighborhood! We really believe that pet sitting is a win-win situation for all involved because pet owners get to keep their pets in their own environment rather than facing the stress and expense of kenneling them.

Randy enjoying a neighborhood in winter

Retire Early Lifestyle: Would you recommend house sitting as a lifestyle or as a way to reduce housing costs in retirement?

Lori and Randy Grant: Absolutely! The money you save in rent can then be used for something else.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Can a single house sit? How about a single woman? Is it harder for a single to house sit?

Lori and Randy Grant: We don’t think it matters as long as you are a fit for what the homeowners are looking for. Some applications will request either a couple or a single person if they have a specific preference. You might also see a request for non-smokers or people who are willing to spend most of their time at home with the pets, rather than those who are interested more in sightseeing around the area.

Randy brushing Calvin after a walk during a pet sit in Bellingham, WA

Retire Early Lifestyle: What if I want to house sit in a foreign country but don’t speak the language?

Lori and Randy Grant: It could potentially be an issue; however, it usually depends on the owner. We had a house sit that we applied for in Venice, Italy and we weren’t selected for it because the owner wanted someone who spoke Italian. These days, we have no qualms about house sitting in a country where we don’t speak the language. Google Translate Online is our main form of communication in cases where we are not familiar with the language. That, and we always manage to meet up with other English speakers wherever we roam.

Retire Early Lifestyle: What does a House Sitter do?

Lori and Randy Grant: Usually an owner will leave specific instructions on how they want their home and pet cared for and what things need to be taken care of in their absence. Our main priority is the pet’s needs such as their feeding, exercise, and daily routine. After that, we focus on keeping the home tidy and well maintained, the yard or garden spruced up,  as well as the trash and recycling disposed of properly. The remainder of the time we do whatever we want such as hiking, yoga, cooking, and exploring the local area.

Besides pet sitting, we are also sometimes responsible for keeping yards and pools maintained

Retire Early Lifestyle: How do I get started? Do I have to join a house sitting organization?

Lori and Randy Grant: We started out with just doing favors for friends and family by watching their home and pets. Then, from that experience we built a house and pet sitting profile online that included recommendations from homeowners whom we’d sat for previously. Finally, as we came to the realization that we really enjoyed house and pet sitting regularly, we joined a house sitting site online to get more worldwide exposure.

Retire Early Lifestyle: How do I interview for a house sit?

Lori and Randy Grant: The first thing to do is apply for the house sit on whatever forum you choose such as a Facebook site, an online house sitting site, or via a community message board. Owners will then look over your profile to determine if you are a good match. If you are on their ‘short list’ (one of their top three applicants), you may be asked to interview over the phone or video chat through Skype. This gives the owners and sitters an opportunity to meet face to face. It also gives you the ability to see the pets and have a look at the house. After your video chat/interview, wait for the owners to contact you that you’ve either been selected or they have chosen other sitters. If you’re selected, you then begin a regular conversation so that you can ask questions, share your travel plans to their home and get more detailed information about their pet’s needs.

Making new four-legged friends on the malecon in Ajijic, Mexico

Retire Early Lifestyle: How much should I charge for house sitting?

Lori and Randy Grant: We do not charge for our services. It is an even exchange of pet sitting for free lodging.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Is house sitting safe?

Lori and Randy Grant: We have always felt safe with our house sits, but remember to always do your research before agreeing to a sit. Look at the area where the sit is located and talk to the owners about the neighborhood, as well as the home’s specific security measures.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Do you require anything from the homeowner when you take a house sitting job?

Lori and Randy Grant: We have a list of questions we ask about the pet’s daily routine and anything we need to know about how things run in the house. We don’t require anything specific, other than good wifi.

Randy and Fawkes having a staring contest during a pet sit in San Francisco, CA

Retire Early Lifestyle: How do you choose one sit over another?

Lori and Randy Grant: We usually look at the area where we most want to travel and if the sit coincides with the dates that we will be in that area. We also prefer sits that are not too isolated or in very remote, rural areas. We tend to choose sits that are more town/city centered so that there are more options for things to do.

Retire Early Lifestyle: What do you look for when you are wanting to find a house sit in a certain location?

Lori and Randy Grant: We look for the length of the sit mostly. We prefer the longer sits (over two weeks long) if we can get them. If we are constantly traveling to lots of different short term sits, then it becomes cost prohibitive for us regarding our transportation expenses.

Lori is a warm lap for a stray kitty in Dubrovnik, Croatia

Retire Early Lifestyle: Do I have to pay my own travel expenses?

Lori and Randy Grant: Yes. It would be extremely rare to find a sit where the homeowners agreed to pay for a sitter’s travel expenses. However, many homeowners have offered to pick us up from the airport or train station when we arrive, which is a very nice gesture.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Can I find popular destinations like Hawaii or Paris?

Lori and Randy Grant: Absolutely, but apply early, as those sits tend to have many applicants vying for them.

Retire Early Lifestyle: Can I travel the world by house sitting?

Lori and Randy Grant: Sure you can. We are doing it!

Randy introducing himself to Flash in Kaiserlautern, Germany

Retire Early Lifestyle: Can house sitting help me avoid paying rent? Can I do this all year round? Where do I go between house sits? Continue Reading…

Perceived Risk vs. Actual Risk

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Image via Pexels: Fernando Arcos

By Michael J. Wiener

Special to Financial Independence Hub

We often see debates about whether or not volatility of returns is a good measure of risk.  This debate is related to what I think is a bigger issue: the difference between perceived risk and actual risk.  Perceived risk is influenced by observations and “dollar bias,” but actual risk comes from the full range of what might happen and its influence on buying power.

Dollar bias and buying power

In some contexts we forget about inflation and view dollars as constant over time.  For example, we tend to focus on nominal returns and think that it’s okay to spend gains as long as we leave the principal intact.  But the principal will erode with inflation if we spend all the nominal gains.

Another context where we see this bias is with mortgages.  We can calculate that with a 30-year $400,000 mortgage at 4%, the first year’s payments will only reduce the principal by about $7000.  But even with only 2% inflation, the buying power of the principal will erode by about $8000, and the fixed payments will become easier to make with rising salaries.  Homeowners are making more progress than they think.  If they can keep up the payments, inflation will eventually take care of both the principal and fixed payments.

Observations and what could have happened

It’s natural to be most worried about the things that we’ve seen happen, but there are many more things that could have happened.  Just because some employees invested everything they had in their employer’s stock and it worked out well doesn’t mean that it was a good idea.  If the employer had stumbled, the employees might have lost their jobs and all their savings at the same time.

The way we measure volatility of returns is often by looking at past returns over some period like a decade and calculating their standard deviation.  But this doesn’t capture what might have happened.  Measured volatility might reflect actual risk some of the time, but we’re guaranteed to have quiet periods with low measured volatility even though actual risk remains higher.

We see this at casinos all the time.  Craps tables sometimes appear to be “hot” with everyone making money, but in reality, the odds never change.  It’s not safer to gamble at craps when a table has been hot for a while.

Any investment strategy that tries to optimize leverage using measured volatility of past returns is destined to blow up after a period where measured volatility is much lower than actual risk.  This fact played a role in both the implosion of Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM) in 1998 and in the Global Financial Crisis of 2008.

Nassim Taleb’s parable of the turkey nicely illustrates the big difference between past experience and what could happen in the future.  A turkey might think that life is wonderful with all of its needs being met.  It never anticipates that fateful day when it becomes someone’s dinner.

Lessons

Actual risk is what might happen to the buying power of our savings.  It is not just what we’ve observed happen to our nominal savings in the past.  Here are some lessons we can take from these facts:

  1. Focus on buying power, not dollars.  The main way we get into trouble with dollar bias in investing is when we think long-term bonds are safe because they preserve principal.  Over long periods, inflation can be devastating, particularly when it rises unpredictably.  Long-term bonds are much riskier than they appear.
  2. There are risks out there that we can’t anticipate.  Whatever level of risk you decide is right for you based on the risks you can anticipate, it’s likely that you’d be better off with a little less risk.  This line of reasoning is often used to tell people to shift their portfolios a little away from stocks and more to bonds, but remember that long-term bonds are risky.  Sometimes the best way we can deal with unknown financial risks is to save a little more.
  3. Any financial plan that adapts to measured past return volatility is likely flawed.  If you’re into the weeds thinking about the Kelly criterion and Sharpe ratio of your portfolio, you’re probably on the wrong path.

Michael J. Wiener runs the web site Michael James on Money, where he looks for the right answers to personal finance and investing questions. He’s retired from work as a “math guy in high tech” and has been running his website since 2007.  He’s a former mutual fund investor, former stock picker, now index investor. This blog originally appeared on his site on  Sept. 8, 2025 and is republished here with his permission

Why Cash Flow Management is the Key to Early Retirement

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Image by Pexels: Tima Miroshnchenko

By Kylie Ann Martin

Special to Financial Independence Hub

The dream of retiring early is no longer a niche pursuit reserved for the ultra-wealthy. Thanks to the Financial Independence, Retire Early (FIRE) movement, thousands of professionals are restructuring their lives to exit the traditional workforce decades ahead of schedule.However, many aspiring retirees focus exclusively on their “magic number” — the total net worth required to stop working.

While having a significant nest egg is crucial, the true engine of a sustainable early retirement is not the size of the pile, but the efficiency of the flow.

Early retirees must plan for 40 to 60 years of living expenses, navigating market swings, inflation, and longevity risk. A smart strategy for tracking, adjusting, and optimizing income and withdrawals is what keeps your portfolio lasting — and your freedom intact — long after you leave the traditional workforce.

The Shift from Accumulation to Distribution

For the majority of an individual’s career, the focus is on Accumulation. You earn a salary, minimize expenses, and invest the surplus into growth-oriented assets. The upward trajectory of your net worth measures success.

The moment you retire early, the game changes entirely. You move into the Distribution phase, where the primary objective is no longer growth at all costs, but the consistent generation of liquidity to fund your lifestyle.

The challenge of early retirement is that your assets must serve two masters: they must provide enough cash for today’s bills while continuing to grow enough to outpace inflation for the next half-century. This transition requires a psychological and mechanical shift.

You are no longer “saving” for the future; you are managing a private endowment where the “yield” must be carefully harvested without killing the “golden goose.” Learning how to balance your inflows and outflows effectively is the first step in making this mental leap from a steady paycheque to self-funded sustainability.

Managing the Sequence-of-Returns Risk

One of the most significant threats to early retirement is “Sequence of Returns risk,”which is the danger that the stock market will experience a major downturn in the first few years of your retirement.

If you are forced to sell stocks to pay for living expenses when the market is down 20%, you are effectively locking in those losses and depleting your principal at an accelerated rate.

Effective cash flow management mitigates this risk by ensuring you never have to sell equities during a bear market. You can achieve it through a “bucket strategy” or a cash buffer. Many financial experts suggest streamlining your liquid assets by keeping two to three years’ worth of living expenses in low-volatility accounts.

When the market is up, you replenish the cash bucket from your gains; when it is down, you live off the cash and give your portfolio time to recover.

Strategies to Make your Money Last

To thrive over a 40-year retirement horizon, you need a dynamic withdrawal strategy. Rigidly adhering to a “4% rule” may not be enough if inflation spikes or market conditions remain stagnant for a decade.

A proactive approach to spending in retirement involves creating “guardrails”—predefined rules that dictate when you should belt-tighten and when you can afford a luxury purchase.

Dynamic spending adjustments

Instead of withdrawing a fixed amount adjusted for inflation, dynamic spending allows you to reduce your “paycheck” during market dips. This preservation of capital during downturns is one of the most effective ways to extend the life of a portfolio.

The role of yield-producing assets

Diversifying into assets that provide natural income — such as real estate or dividend-paying stocks — helps bridge the gap between your needs and your portfolio’s growth. This reduces the friction of selling assets and provides a more predictable monthly floor for your budget. Continue Reading…

Three Ways Life Insurance can Protect you from Inflation

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Photo courtesy LSM Insurance

By Lorne Marr, LSM Insurance

Special to Financial Independence Hub

Inflation means the prices of everyday things — like food, housing, transportation, and healthcare — increase over time. This reduces the purchasing power of your money and can affect your family’s standard of living. Permanent life insurance can be a powerful tool to help protect your finances against these rising costs.

What type of Life Insurance helps with Inflation?

Permanent life insurance provides lifelong coverage and builds cash value over time. Unlike term life insurance, which only covers a specific period, permanent policies can grow in value and death benefit, helping your family maintain financial security despite inflation.

Main types of permanent life insurance:

  • Whole Life Insurance
    • Provides a guaranteed death benefit and builds cash value.
    • Participating whole life policies pay dividends, which can buy Paid-Up Additions (PUAs)—small increments of additional insurance that increase both death benefit and cash value.
  • Universal Life Insurance (UL)
    • Flexible premiums and death benefits.
    • Option to choose a level death benefit or an increasing death benefit to keep up with inflation.

There are three main ways permanent life insurance can protect you against inflation:

1. Inflation Protection through Increasing Death Benefit Option in Universal Life Policies

How it works: Your death benefit can grow over time to match inflation.

Example (2% inflation):

By choosing an increasing death benefit, your coverage keeps pace with inflation, preserving purchasing power for your family.

2. Inflation Protection through Participating Whole Life Insurance and Paid-Up Additions

How it works: Dividends from a participating whole life policy can purchase Paid-Up Additions (PUAs), increasing both death benefit and cash value over time.

Example (2% inflation, PUAs $12,000/year):

With 2% inflation, the original $500,000 loses value to $452,000 in today’s dollars. PUAs grow your policy above this, effectively protecting your family against inflation. Continue Reading…